A Framework for Measuring Knowledge Spillovers

We construct a "landscape model" mapping gene-disease relationships through biological pathways and disease taxonomies—enabling rigorous measurement of how scientific knowledge propagates.

GWAS Discovery

Gene A linked to Disease X

Pathway Network

Biological connections to related genes

Spillover Impact

Innovation in related gene-disease pairs

Implication for NLM

This framework provides evidence-based tools to assess the true return on genomic research investments—capturing value that traditional metrics miss.